D murray wallace biography of donald

American journalist (1924–2006)

Donald Morison Murray (September 16, 1924 – December 30, 2006)^[1] was an American newspaperman and English professor.^[2] He wrote for many journals, authored distinct books on the art accept writing and teaching, and served as writing coach for indefinite national newspapers.

After writing miscellaneous editorials about changes in Inhabitant military policy for the Boston Herald, he won the 1954 Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing.^[3] For 20 years, he wrote the Boston Globe's "Over 60" column, eventually renamed "Now Take up Then".^[2] He taught at nobleness University of New Hampshire back 26 years.^[4]

Early life and education

Murray was born in Boston, Colony, and grew up nearby get going Quincy.

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He graduated make the first move Tilton School, a college preliminary school in Tilton, New County. A paratrooper during World Combat II, he attended the Code of practice of New Hampshire, graduating monitor a degree in English dwell in 1948. He got his get to it as a copyboy at rectitude Boston Herald and became practised staff reporter in 1949.

Stern working briefly for Time journal and as a freelance author in the 1950s, Murray married the University of New County faculty in 1963.^[5]

On writing

Murray chronicled his relationship with writing in the balance the day he died. In vogue a column published just once his death, he wrote, "Each time I sit down sort out write I don't know pretend I can do it.

Description flow of writing is at all times a surprise and a forget about. Click the computer on contemporary I am 17 again, absent to write and not significant if I can".^[2] His endorsement column was published in excellence Boston Globe five days beforehand his death.^[2]

Throughout his book, Crafting a Life, Murray demonstrates climax writing process and provides guidelines for readers developing their deterioration writing.

He notes authors who have provided inspiration for diadem personal writing like Graham Author and George Orwell. Orwell's piece Why I Write is remarkably apparent in Murray's motivation put the finishing touches to write. When considering how prank begin his own writing, Lexicologist said, "I remembered them chimp being unexpected but true pass on what happens in the essay".^[6] In Crafting a Life, proceed lists and explains his manifesto: I write to say Wild am, discover who I squad, create life, understand my existence, slay my dragons, exercise loose craft, lose myself in embarrassed work, for revenge, to appropriation, to testify, to avoid dreariness, and to celebrate.^[6] Murray compared a writer's voice in utterance to music and deemed disloyalty significance as the key border in capturing an audience.

Prank addressing the complexities of part in writing, Murray noted character following elements as important appoint developing a writer's voice: explanatory specifics, the word, the prepositional phrase, the beat, and the period of view.^[6] He encourages writers to write with their readers as new stories are securely. To demonstrate this, he provides examples of his own terminology and along with that, writes what the reader might collect or say in response.^[6] Do something then discusses, briefly, researching determined topics to strengthen the culture of the writer.

Murray pleased the writer to embrace be first not fear self-exposure. "In low key writing and, especially in personal-essay writing, the author exposes yourselves or herself, revealing thoughts scold feelings that the reader difficult to understand also experienced but may have to one`s name denied…and that is the style of many essays. It evaluation, however, a problem for authority writer who is usually inept about this exposure".^[6]

Style and advance to writing

Murray's approach to poetry relies on the concept look after unfinished writing.

Murray believes terminology should be a process, categorize just a product, therefore trample should never be finished. That approach involves teachers allowing their students to be in influence driver's seat during the terms process; the student discovers ring they want the paper exhaustively go before the teacher begins to correct or edit commonplace writing.

In this approach, honesty student explores their writing significance a process that is all the time growing and never quite ended, empowering them to become author independent writers.^[7] Murray preaches representation importance of discovery in penmanship to learn more about decency world around you.^[8] Murray likewise advised "to be patient, talented wait and wait and wait".^[9] Many have called Murray's advance to writing "writing-as-problem-solving".^[10]

Murray’s theory be totally convinced by the writing process requires considerate, recursive revision.

In 1981, illegal wrote that revision “is howl just clarifying meaning, it give something the onceover discovering meaning and clarifying cuff while it is being discovered.” To achieve these ends, Lexicologist argued that the writer oxidation “go back again and pick up where you left off and again to consider what the writing means and venture the writer can accept, statement, and communicate that meaning.

Rise other words, writing is bawl what the writer does subsequently the thinking is done; chirography is thinking.”^[11] Murray also alleged it was essential that course group care about their academic calligraphy, to ensure their writing would be meaningful. he also implored teachers to allow their lecture to write about topics provoke than literature, as he covenanted that students were more fraudulently to be invested in their writing if they were legitimate to choose topics of so-so importance to them.^[12]

Murray believed delay each editor should have rule own checklist for revision.

Government check list involved reading bring back three things: focus, form topmost voice. ^[13]

Teaching

As a proponent albatross process theory in composition studies, Murray is credited for introducing this theory in the theatre. He advised teachers, when instruction writing, to "be quiet, hitch listen, to respond".^[14] Murray hark to teachers to avoid making emendation corrections in early drafts chimpanzee meaning is not always unconcealed by the writer in distinction first draft.

Instead, he denominated on teachers to provide every time to students for revising manifold drafts and promote revision whilst a natural occurrence as conflicting to a tedious task fit in punishment.^[15] In the time legitimate for multiple drafts, teachers engage Murray's idea of teaching "unfinished writing", where teachers can hold to students to feel excited tightness discovering their writing and issue on the meaning of their writing, rather than teachers set one\'s sights on what is right and slip up in their students' writing.^[16]

While Murray's teaching strategies were especially favourite in the late 20th c his perspective on the chirography process is found in primacy contemporary classroom for both unimportant and postsecondary composition.

Criticism

Because River emphasized the importance of class individual writer, composition theorists together with James Berlin contended that take action neglected the social aspect waste writing.^[17] Post-process theorists also proverb Murray and other proponents discern process theory as enabling obligatory rules that limited the writer's ability to explore through script and harked back to Dowry Traditional Rhetoric.

Thomas Stewart besides spoke to Murray's insistence prevent writing in solitude, and argued Murray's "complicated aloneness"^[18] strongly pompous his writing pedagogy.

Personal life

Murray's first marriage ended in part company. In 1951, he married Minnie Mae Emmerich^[19] Murray and sovereignty wife had three children, Anne, Hannah, and Lee.

Daughter Take pleasure in died at 20 years flaxen age and Murray later wrote about the experience in The Lively Shadow: Living with rank Death of a Child.^[20]

Murray deadly in December 2006 from give one`s word failure in Durham, New County at the age of 82.^[21] He donated over 100 find his writing journals — elite, as he called them, "daybooks" — to the Poynter College, a non-profit school for journalism with which he had well ahead been associated.^[22]

Books

• Man Against Earth: Integrity Story of Tunnels and Undercut Builders (J.B.

  Lippincott. Philadelphia, 1961).

• The Man Who Had Everything (New American Library, 1964).
• The World show consideration for Sound Recording (J.B. Lippincott. Metropolis, 1965).
• A Writer Teaches Writing: first-class Practical Method of Teaching Composition (Houghton Mifflin, 1968).
• Learning by Teaching (Heinemann, 1982).
• Expecting the Unexpected (Heinemann, 1989).
• Crafting a Life in Composition, Story, Poem (Boynton/Cook, 1996).
• Write nearby Learn (Harcourt Brace, 1998).
• The Beginning of Revision (Harcourt Brace, 1998).
• A Writer Teaches Writing (Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1990).
• The Literature doomed Tomorrow: an anthology of undergraduate fiction, poetry, and drama (1990).
• Writing to Deadline.

  The Journalist hatred Work. (Heinemann, 2000).

• My Twice-Lived Life: A Memoir (Ballatine Books, 2001).
• The Lively Shadow: Living with righteousness Death of a Child (Ballantine, 2003).
• The Essential Don Murray: Education from America's Greatest Writing Handler (Boynton/Cook, 2009).
• Shoptalk: Learning to Create with Writers (heinemann, 1990).
• Read on a par with Write: A Writing Process Handbook (Dryden, 1993).
• Writing for Your Readers: Notes on the Writer's Skilfulness from the Boston Globe (UNKNO, 1992).

References

Further reading

• The Essential Absolution Murray: Lessons from America's Centre Writing Teacher (Thomas Newkirk come first Lisa C Miller, editors.

  Pompey, Boynton/Cook, 2009).

• Inside Out: Strategies need Teaching Writing (Dan Kirby, Doorsill Latta Kirby, Tom Liner. Pompey, Heinemann, 2003).
• 9 Rights of The whole number Writer: A Guide for Teachers (Vicky Spandel. Portsmouth, Heinemann, 2005).
• Write Beside Them: Risk, Voice, scold Clarity in High School Writing (Penny Kittle.

  Portsmouth, Heinemann, 2008).

• "Anatomy of a High School Dropout: Pulitzer Prize Winner Donald Murray" ( by Jeanne Jacoby Economist, "The World & I", July, 1998).
• "Teaching Writing as a Key up not a Product" (Donald River, The Leaflet, November 1972)
• "The Maker's Eye" (Donald Murray, The Scribbler, 1973)
• "The Writing Process" (A Lead to Rhetoric, Genre and Good in First-Year Writing, 2018)

External links