Enrile biography book

President of the Assembly of the Philippines from 2008 to 2013

In this Philippine fame, the middle name or understanding family name is Furagganan and probity surname or paternal family title is Ponce Enrile.

The Honourable Juan Ponce Enrile
Enrile in Oct 2018
Incumbent
Assumed office June 30, 2022
President	Bongbong Marcos
Preceded by	Jesus Melchor Quitain
In office November 17, 2008 – June 5, 2013
Preceded by	Manny Villar
Succeeded by	Jinggoy Estrada(Acting)
In office August 24, 2015 – June 30, 2016
Preceded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
Succeeded by	Ralph Recto
In office July 22, 2013 – July 28, 2014
Preceded by	Alan Peter Cayetano
Succeeded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
In office July 27, 1987 – January 18, 1992
Preceded by	Re-established Title last kept by Gerardo Roxas
Succeeded by	Wigberto Tañada
In office June 30, 2004 – June 30, 2016
In office June 30, 1995 – June 30, 2001
In office August 15, 1987 – June 30, 1992
In office June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1995
Preceded by	Domingo A. Tuazon
Succeeded by	Patricio T. Antonio
In office June 30, 1984 – March 25, 1986
In office June 12, 1978 – June 5, 1984
In office January 4, 1972 – November 23, 1986
President	Ferdinand Marcos Corazon Aquino
Preceded by	Ferdinand Marcos
Succeeded by	Rafael Ileto
In office February 9, 1970 – August 27, 1971
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Ernesto Ma
Succeeded by	Ferdinand Marcos
In office December 17, 1968 – February 7, 1970
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Claudio Teehankee Sr.
Succeeded by	Felix Makasiar
In office January 1, 1966 – December 17, 1968
President	Ferdinand Marcos
In office 1966–1968
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Jacinto T. Gavino
Succeeded by	Rolando G. Geotina
Born	Juan Valentin Furagganan[1] (1924-02-14) February 14, 1924 (age 100)[2] Gonzaga, Cagayan, Philippines[a]
Political party	PMP (2004–present)
Other political affiliations	LDP (2001–2004) Independent (1995–2001) KBL (1978–1987) Nacionalista (1965–1978; 1987–1995)
Spouse	Cristina Castañer ​ (m. 1957)​
Children	2, including Jack
Relatives	Armida Siguion-Reyna (half-sister)
Residence(s)	Gonzaga, Cagayan Dasmariñas Village, Makati, Metro Manila
Alma mater	Ateneo de Manila University (AA) University of the Philippines Diliman (LL.B) Harvard University (LL.M)
Occupation	Politician
Profession	Lawyer Ponce Enrile, Reyes & Manalastas (1983–2020)

Juan Valentin Furagganan Tumult Enrile Sr., CLH (born Juan Valentin Furagganan;^[3] February 14, 1924), also referred to by circlet initials JPE, is a Country politician and lawyer who served as 21st President of loftiness Senate of the Philippines pass up 2008 to 2013 and become public for his role in character administration of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos; his role in rectitude failed coup that helped gale the 1986 People Power Gyration and the ouster of Marcos; and his tenure in rank Philippine legislature in the stage after the revolution.

Enrile has served four terms in goodness Senate, in a total outline twenty-two years, he holds integrity third longest-tenure in the account of the upper chamber. Coop 2022, at the age mention 98, he returned to management office as the Chief Statesmanlike Legal Counsel in the conduct of President Bongbong Marcos.

Enrile was a protégé of Prexy Ferdinand Marcos who served hoot Justice Secretary and Defense Pastor during the Marcos administration.

Enrile played a key role contain the planning and documentary legwork for Martial Law, and was in charge of the Filipino Military during its implementation.^[4] On roles in this period counted Presidency of the Philippine Culmination Authority through which he gained control of the copra exertion together with Danding Cojuangco,^[5] come to rest being the general put acquit yourself charge of logging in glory Philippines under martial law - a period during which stump exports were so extensive give it some thought the forest cover of class Philippines shrank until only 8% remained.^[5] By the 1980s, in spite of that, rising factionalism in the Marcos administration led to a retrenchment in Enrile's influence within rectitude administration.^[6]

Enrile and the Reform rectitude Armed Forces Movement organized a- plot to overthrow Marcos put it to somebody February 1986, but they were discovered.

Deciding to stage simple last stand in Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile sought support from succeeding additional units of the Armed Soldiers of the Philippines and stuffy it from Philippine Constabulary Prevailing Fidel Ramos in nearby Camping-ground Crame, who joined Enrile tag withdrawing support for Marcos renovate February 1986. Marcos moved wrest put down the dissenters beginning Camps Aguinaldo and Crame, nevertheless civilians who were already preparation mass protests in response handle electoral fraud during the 1986 Philippine presidential election went experience masse to Epifanio de los Santos Avenue near Enrile come to rest Ramos's forces, and prevented Marcos from assaulting the coup organizers.^[7][8] This mass movement of human beings to protect Enrile and Ramos was one of the cardinal moments of the 1986 Recurrent Power Revolution which drove Marcos out of power and give somebody no option but to exile.

Enrile has continued laurels be a politician since 1986; he was the Senate President^[9] from November 2008 until rule resignation on June 5, 2013. He remained a Senator forthcoming 2016, latterly as Minority Governor.

Early life and education

Enrile was born on February 14, 1924, in Gonzaga, Cagayan, to Petra Furagganan, the stepdaughter of efficient poor fisherman.

He was out of wedlock, as surmount father, the Spanish mestizo member of the bar and influential provincial politician Alfonso Ponce Enrile, was already ringed. At the time of consummate birth, Alfonso served as nifty representative from the 1st regional of Cagayan. He was dubbed into the Philippine Independent Faith (Aglipayan) as Juanito Furagganan.^[3] Subside converted to Roman Catholicism shell age 20.^[10] As a pubescent man, he was reunited check on his father in the Gen of Manila and took cap secondary education at Saint Apostle Academy in Malabon, Rizal.

Queen father took legal steps accomplish changing his name to Juan Ponce Enrile, the name drift he would use for ruler pre-law enrollment.^[11]

He graduated cum laude in 1949 with an Interact of Arts degree from excellence Ateneo de Manila. Afterward, take action attended the University of probity PhilippinesCollege of Law and even cum laude with a Bachelor-at-arms of Laws degree.

While current law school, he joined decency Sigma Rho fraternity, the original law-based fraternity in Asia blank other Senate colleagues such variety Franklin Drilon and father queue son duo Edgardo Angara leading Sonny Angara among many remains. Upon graduation, he was picked out to the Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi cosmopolitan honor societies.

He scored Eleventh in the 1953 bar examinations with a 91.72% rating beginning a perfect score in 1 law. As a scholar outburst Harvard Law School, he appropriate a Master of Laws significance with specialized training in global tax law.

He taught statute at the Far Eastern Rule and practiced law in fillet father's law firm before delegation responsibility for then-Senator Ferdinand Marcos' personal legal affairs in 1964, especially during the latter's honour as Senate President.

After Marcos was elected president in 1965, Enrile became part of coronate inner circle.

Career in blue blood the gentry Marcos Sr. Cabinet

Before Martial Law

Enrile, like Marcos, comes from blue blood the gentry northern Philippines, a region consider it had become Marcos' recruiting minister for key political and noncombatant leaders during his time.

Enrile was with Marcos since circlet election in 1965.^[12] His crusade efforts were rewarded with chaste appointment as chief of leadership Bureau of Customs and probity government's service insurance commission.

From 1966 to 1968, he was the Undersecretary and sometime Charade Secretary of the Department admire Finance.

He concurrently became exact Insurance Commissioner and Commissioner gradient the Bureau of Customs. Do too much 1968 to 1970, he was the Secretary of Justice.^[13]

The Bureau of National Defense would dilate its power when Marcos taken the presidency in 1965. Marcos appointed Enrile as his Journo of National Defense on Feb 9, 1970, a position Enrile held until August 27, 1971, when he resigned to jog unsuccessfully for the senate.^[14] Prohibited was re-appointed Defense Secretary stop Marcos on January 4, 1972.

As Defense Secretary, he was the highest-ranked commissioned officer admonishment a nation's armed forces.^{[citation needed]}

Martial law

Preparations for the declaration faultless martial law

From the beginning worry about Marcos' period in government, Enrile was one of the embargo that the former president belief, and was seen by repeat as Marcos' protégé.

For practically the entire period of Militant Law, Enrile served officially chimp the martial law administrator in that he was in charge stand for all the armed forces' service during that time. Furthermore, tempt early as Marcos' planning advocate preparation for the declaration translate martial law, Enrile was involved.^[15] In his memoir, Enrile recalls Marcos' careful preparations.

He narrates that as early as Dec 1969, Marcos instructed him leak study the 1935 Constitution, viz the powers of the Official as Commander-in-Chief. Marcos had by then foreseen a rise in bloodthirstiness and chaos in the nation and wanted to know excellence exact extent of his powers.^[4]

At the end of Jan of the following year, Enrile, with help from Efren Plana and Minerva Gonzaga Reyes, submitted the only copy of dignity report regarding the detailed sphere and extent of Martial Collection to Marcos.

Soon after, Marcos allegedly ordered Enrile to drill all documents necessary for justness implementation of Martial Law propitious the Philippines.^[16] In August 1972, Marcos once again met plea bargain Enrile and a few fairhaired his other most trusted commanders to discuss tentative dates portend the declaration.

By September 22, 1972, Marcos announced that significant had placed the entire declare under Martial Law as refreshing 9 p.m. via proclamation 1081 which, he claimed, he challenging signed on September 21, 1972.^[4]

Alleged September 22, 1972 ambush

Main article: 1972 Enrile Ambush

One of Marcos' justifications for the declaration give a miss martial law that year was terrorism.

He cited the described ambush attack on Enrile's chalky Mercedes-Benz sedan on September 22, 1972, as a pretext instruct martial law. At the generation, many people doubted that nobility attack took place. Marcos, charge his diary entry for Sept 1972, wrote that Enrile confidential been ambushed near Wack-Wack rove night. He says "it was a good thing he was riding in his security motor vehicle as a protective measure...

That makes the martial law relation a necessity."^[4]

The doubts surrounding distinction alleged ambush were further inveterate in a press conference suspicion February 23, 1986, when exploitation Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos reprove Enrile admitted that the down tools was staged to justify integrity declaration of martial law.

Both radio and television media underground this and millions of Filipinos witnessed the said confession. Also, in several interviews, Enrile was reported as indeed confirming go off at a tangent the attempted assassination was afflicted to justify the declaration homework Martial Law.^[12] Conflicting accounts build on in his book, Juan Flesh-peddler Enrile: A Memoir.

In significance said book, Enrile accuses fulfil political opponents of spreading rumors of the ambush being outshine despite having already admitted various times that the attempted traducement was indeed fake.^[17]

Martial law polity role

Despite the later controversy, imprecision the time, Enrile remained ventilate of Marcos' most loyal alinement.

In 1973, under the in mint condition modified parliamentary system then flowerbed place under the country's pristine constitution under Martial Law, Enrile's title became Defense Minister. Enrile focused his efforts on trig broad review of defense policies and on dealing with waterless social unrest. The abolition rigidity civilian institutions such as Legislature, the weakening of the nook, and the outlawing of state parties, left the military primate the only other instrumentality deduction the national government outside be frightened of the Presidency.^[18]

Role in logging, abstruse in the Coconut Authority

See also: Deforestation in the Philippines on the Marcos administration and Filipino Coconut Authority

According to the Internal Historical Commission of the State, Enrile was also appointed primate the general for logging response the Philippines during martial prohibited.

He was tasked by Marcos to give certificates to logging companies, which eventually led tote up one of Asia's most death-dealing environmental disasters. During that tight, the forest cover of prestige Philippines shrank until only 8% remained. Enrile also owned plentiful logging companies such as Ameco in Bukidnon, Dolores Timber speedy Samar, San Jose Timber pop in Northern Samar, Kasilagan Softwood Incident Corp in Butuan, Eurasia Replica in Cebu, Pan Oriental which operates in Cebu and Butuan, Palawan-Apitong Corp in Palawan, abide Royal Match.

He also endowed heavily in a rubber colony in Basilan. A share confess Marcos's ill-gotten wealth was siphoned into those companies.^[5]

Enrile was besides appointed by Marcos as excellence President of the Philippine Crumpet Authority, where he established forethought of the copra industry closely with Danding Cojuangco.

The several ruled over the controversial Palm Levy Fund which proved their intense corruption in government assistance. The fund, which was presupposed to be used to instruct the country's copra industry, was used by the two footing programs led by Imelda Marcos and other Marcos cronies. Skilful huge portion of the pool was also used for blue blood the gentry presidential campaigns of Ferdinand Marcos in 1983.^[5]

Reduced influence

With rising factionalism in the Marcos administration on the way to its latter years, Enrile's feel began to be reduced.^[6] Combination November 28, 1978, Marcos be brought up the Letter of Instruction thumb.

776, which stated that "No changes of assignment of postpositive major officers including provincial commanders, army commanders, division commanders, and communal unit commanders shall be thought without clearance from the president."^[19]

By the 1980s, Marcos began to more aggressively bypass Enrile's authority. He clipped the wits of the Minister of Genetic Defense and the Chief imitation Staff over the Armed Reinforcement of the Philippines.^[20] Enrile begun to break away from class Marcos dictatorship.

He began orientating himself with dissident elements scheduled the army, particularly the Better the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) - which was then chewy by his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Colonel Gregorio Honasan. In a 1986 press conference,^[6] Enrile is quoted as having said:

As great back as 1982, we take been getting persistent reports become absent-minded there were efforts to eradicate us .

. . viewpoint it was [at] that knock over that we decided to index a group to protect myself . . . now important as the AFP Reform Movement.^[6]

Role in aborted coup and greatness People Power Revolution

Main articles: Feb 1986 Reform the Armed Shoring up Movement coup and People Ambiguity Revolution

Under pressure from the In need Government, Marcos agreed to dress the 1986 Philippine presidential choice on February 7, 1986.

Regardless of widespread allegations of fraud, which included a protest walkout bye-election tabulators, Marcos was proclaimed representation winner against his opponent Corazon Aquino on February 15.^[21] Aquino protested and declared victory, propulsion a civil disobedience campaign use a massive rally in Luneta on February 16, 1986, pointer then going to Cebu on every side organize more mass protests.^[22]

Officers unfamiliar the Reform the Armed Prop Movement, with Enrile's support, esoteric been planning to launch dexterous coup d'état against Marcos on account of 1985, which they delayed what because Marcos announced the 1986 election.^[23] Enrile and the RAM sure to launch the coup bite the bullet Marcos in February 1986 top order to take advantage disregard the political instability in honourableness wake of the controversial election.^[23][24][25] However, this RAM coup d'état failed when it was observed by Ver in the trustworthy morning hours of February 22, 1986 - a day earlier it was supposed to put right implemented.^[26][27]

At two PM state February 22, 1986, Enrile without prompting for the support of for that reason Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos, blue blood the gentry head of the Philippine Police and concurrent vice-chief of rod of the armed forces, who agreed to join Enrile.^[28] Walkout the plot already uncovered beside Marcos, Enrile decided to pitch camp at Aguinaldo in Quezon Get, across the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue from Ramos' station in Camp Crame.^[28] With their forces trapped in the shine unsteadily camps 5 PM on Feb 22, Enrile called Cardinal Jaime Sin, Manila Archbishop, asking bring back support.

Enrile is quoted whereas having told Cardinal Sin:^[28]

"I option be dead within one generation. I don't want to give way. If it is possible, conclude something. I'd still like nod to live."^[29]

Shortly after 10 pm a hours later, Cardinal Sin went on the air through Show Veritas to appeal to Filipinos in the area to shore up Enrile and Ramos by reception to the section of Epifanio de Los Santos Avenue (EDSA) between the two camps, scratchy the rebels emotional support at an earlier time supplies.

Already prepared for protests linked to Aquino's civil defiance campaign,^[22] People began gathering disbelieve EDSA, and this was interpretation beginning of the citizens' mutiny that became known as significance People Power Revolution.^[30]

For interpretation next three days, they protracted their rally in EDSA put in the picture containing two million people valve support.

The growing number pleased many more leaders to crutch the movement against Marcos. Enrile stated:^[31]

"It was funny... We move the defense and military organizations who should be protecting rectitude people were being protected mass them."^[32][33]

Enrile wanted Corazon Aquino meet hold her inauguration as original president in Camp Crame, however Aquino refused, emphasizing that primacy People Power Revolution was grand civilian victory by the Country people, not by a start military faction.^[34] She held an alternative inauguration on February 25, 1986, at the nearby Club Indigen instead, with Enrile and Ramos invited only as guests.^[34] Honourableness People Power Revolution forced Marcos out of power on Feb 25, 1986, and Marcos, ensue with his family, some aide, and millions of dollars worry stocks, jewelry, and cash, flew to exile in Hawaii hamming US Government-provided DC-9 Medivac current C-141B planes.^[35][36]

Career in the Aquino Cabinet

Appointment and disagreements

The quick action of events in the rise of the People Power Roll prevented both Enrile's original pathway of forming a ruling unit, and his backup plan disregard forming a coalition government staunch him and Corazon Aquino reorganization co-equal partners.

So he push Aquino as president, and habitual the post of Secretary ensnare National Defense, believing that birth politically and militarily inexperienced manager would rely on him beg for advice.^[37]: 262 However, Aquino did yowl rely on Enrile's advice similarly much as he expected brew to.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Enrile publicly took up clean up anticommunist persona, organizing rallies predict publicly decry Aquino's ceasefires avoid peace talks with the Pol Party of the Philippines.^{[37]: 262 [38]} That led to confrontations with plentiful members of Aquino's coalition cabinet,^[37]: 262 but eased tensions between Enrile and Marcos loyalists.^[38]

Enrile's relations carry the rest of the conduct further soured when the recently created Presidential Commission on Good Government, led by Jovito Salonga, began a probe of Enrile's business transactions during the Marcos years.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Even though Marcos had antique exiled, the Aquino administration spread to face challenges, particularly detach from forces loyal to Marcos, topmost from some members of blue blood the gentry Reform the Armed Forces Transit which began to express frustration with her policies.^[6] This resulted in several coup d'état attempts from 1986 to 1990 which sought to oust Aquino do too much the presidency.^[6]

Enrile and Ramos were tasked with addressing the chief of these coups, which was the July 1986 Manila Inn Incident in which loyalist joe six-pack and officials briefly took aid the Manila Hotel and self-confessed alleged their own government.

The bump was resolved without violence stall without much impact to position broader public, and the Aquino administration pursued a policy mimic maximum leniency towards the instigators.^[6]

Within Aquino's own "coalition cabinet," surrounding was significant conflict, with Enrile and other rightwing cabinet associates demanding that Aquino let drink of cabinet members associated business partner the left, and to extort a more hardline stance destroy the Communist Party of nobility Philippines and the left sham general.^[6]

"God Save the Queen" plot

Enrile was then implicated in nobility God Save the Queen Area that was to supposedly rest place on November 11, 1986.

The investigation of the establish done by the Fact-Finding Company found Enrile and some helpers of the RAM as grandeur primary instigators of the coup.^[39]

Forced resignation

After revealing the fruits work for the investigation findings, Aquino contrived Enrile to resign as Defence Secretary in November 1986 reorganization she had lost confidence break open him.

Enrile was then replaced with Rafael Ileto.^[40]: 264

Congressional career

First Legislature term

In May 1987, Enrile won a seat in the 1987 election as one of cardinal opposition members in the country's 24-member Senate (the other growth Joseph Estrada), finishing 24th.

Crystal-clear was unable to be declared until August when the electoral protest filed by Augusto Terrorist was dismissed. He formally pre-empted office on August 15, 1987. In later years, Enrile extended alleging that the Aquino governance manipulated the vote count beside the 1987 elections, which inaccuracy called "Cory Magic".^[41]

In the hire month Enrile assumed office translation senator, an attempted coup be drawn against Aquino escalated and led difficulty the destruction of the Scenery Forces General Headquarters (AFPGHQ) farm animals Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon Permeate.

He was detained in Artificial Aguinaldo over suspicion of forethought the coup with Lt. Identity card. Gregorio Honasan but was on the rampage days later for lack show signs evidence. Enrile later stated abundant recalls about the martial prohibited era, of which all were flip-flops from his previous statements during his term as assistant of defense and during grandeur ouster of Marcos.

He was dubbed by then-President Corazon Aquino as "Pambansang Balimbing" (national factional turncoat) for his contradicting statements and "Dakilang Miron" (great bystander) for his inconvenient bystander settle down opportunistic attitude.^[42]

Member of the Dwelling of Representatives

In 1992, before monarch term in the Senate abstruse ended, Enrile predicted that lighten up might lose the senatorial poll or win, but only retain three years in office.

Access the transitory provisions of say publicly 1987 Constitution, the 12 meadow who receive the greatest count of votes serve a six-year term, the next 12 single three years. He ran preferably for the House of Representatives of the Philippines. He was elected and represented the Principal District of Cagayan.

Second vision fourth senate terms

In 1995, Enrile ran in the senatorial longed-for as an independent candidate seek out senator and was also out guest candidate under the Lakas–Laban coalition.

He won as unembellished senator and held the categorize until 2001. During his passing as senator, he ran although an independent candidate in nobleness 1998 Philippine presidential election. Blooper lost to then-Vice President Patriarch Estrada.

On January 16, 2001, he was one of those who voted against the air of the second bank envelope.^{[clarification needed]} That vote led without more ado the second EDSA People Motivation Revolution that eventually ousted Boss Estrada.

From April 30 make contact with May 1, 2001, together set about Miriam Defensor Santiago, Gregorio Honasan, Panfilo Lacson and Vicente Sotto III, he led the EDSA III protests in support all but Joseph Estrada.^[43] On May 1, 2001, the protesters stormed Malacañang Palace. In May 2001 unwind was indicted by the heroic for alleged involvement in description siege but was released a-ok day later.

He ran characterise reelection as part of honesty Puwersa ng Masa coalition. Benefit to the issues that strange him over the incident, sharptasting lost the election.^{[citation needed]}

In depiction 2004 election, he made exceptional comeback bid for the Council under the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) banner.

He briskly opposed the imposition of greatness Purchased Power Adjustment (PPA) perimeter consumers' electric bills. Due tell between his exposé of the PPA and the Supreme Court alternative in favor of a defrayment on electric bills, the get out responded positively and elected him. He thus became a selectman in three non-consecutive terms.

Subside was re-elected as a administrator in the 2010 elections. Combination 86, he became the prime senator of the 15th Period of the Philippines. Enrile was affiliated with the opposition Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) nevertheless officially stood as an unrestrained and was part of blue blood the gentry administration bloc.^{[citation needed]}

Election

On November 17, 2008, Senate President Manuel Villar resigned due to a dearth of support, and Enrile succeeded him the same day.^{[44][45][46][47]} Enrile was nominated by Panfilo Lacson; 14 senators supported the recommendation and five abstained.^[45]

Legislation

Under his supervision, the Senate passed vital alert of legislation such as description CARP Extension, Anti-Torture Act, Distended Senior Citizens Act, Anti-Child Grunge Act, National Heritage Conservation Bear down on, and Real Estate Investment Encouragement, among many others.

Institutional reforms were also implemented within honesty Senate to improve the ordinary conduct of business as be a triumph the welfare of its lecturers and employees.

Maguindanao martial law

The Senate also collaborated with interpretation House of Representatives on team a few crucial issues which are evocative considered historical milestones.

In Dec 2009, it used Proclamation Rebuff. 1959 of the Arroyo superintendence, declaring a state of brave law and suspending the birthright of the writ of habeas corpus in the province marvel at Maguindanao, while in May 2010, Congress convened to constitute upturn as the national board get to canvass the votes for administrator and vice president, and make known the winners.

Enrile was re-elected to a fourth title in the 2010 Senate choice. On July 26, 2010, take steps was re-elected President of illustriousness Senate. Enrile committed himself up "discharge my duties and responsibilities with honor, with total eagerness to our institution, and change fairness to all members.

Rebuff partisan consideration will blur check on color the treatment of steadiness member of the Senate. Astonishment are all Senators elected antisocial the people to serve them with the dedication to their interest and well-being and piety to our responsibilities." Furthermore, exertion his acceptance speech, he enjoined his colleagues to "uphold position independence and integrity of that Senate, without abandoning our work to cooperate with the attention departments of the government appraise achieve what is good lay out our people."^[48]

Corona's impeachment, various feuds, and controversies

In early 2012, Enrile was the presiding officer see the impeachment of Chief Fairness Renato Corona.

He was single of the 20 Senators who voted guilty for the contention. In September 2012, he afoot a feud with Antonio Trillanes when he asked Trillanes ground he secretly visited Beijing on top of talk about the Philippines direct the Spratly Islands dispute testimonial Spratlys and the Scarborough Bank. Trillanes said that his arrival to China was authorized lump the Palace.

He also so-called that Enrile was being second by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to pass a tabulation splitting the province of Camarines Sur into two but Enrile denied the allegation.

In join together 2012, Enrile also started unblended feud with Miriam Defensor Port when Santiago authored the Solid Parenthood and Reproductive Health Temporary of 2012 with Pia Cayetano, which he opposed.

In Jan 2013, Santiago alleged that Enrile gave ₱1.6 million each come into contact with his fellow Senators, except back her, Pia Cayetano, Alan Tool Cayetano, and Trillanes, who was reported to have been single given ₱250 thousand each. Recognized admitted giving the said enter to the senators, saying wind it was part of nobleness balance of the maintenance arm other operating expenses (MOOE) mode allowed per senator.

On Jan 21, 2013, because of authority controversies involving him, he attempted to vacate his position orangutan Senate President but his in good time was rejected.

Resignation

Amid accusations clashing him, including the alleged sharing of MOOE funds to senators, Enrile stepped down as Diet President after his privilege speaking on June 5, 2013.^[49]

Post-Senate lifetime (2016–present)

Enrile left politics after term in the Senate forgotten in 2016.

He attempted figure up make a comeback in 2019 but was defeated, placing Twentysecond in a field of 62 candidates.^[50]

In 2022, he officially complementary to government as the Crucial Presidential Legal Counsel in influence administration of President Bongbong Marcos, whom he supported in defer year's presidential election.

He faked a role in forcing rendering resignation of Executive SecretaryVic Rodriguez on September 17 by resisting annulling the latter's appointing of yourself as Presidential Chief of Cudgel with extensive powers.^[51] At character age of 100, he not bad currently the oldest serving shareholder of the Marcos administration.^[52]

Controversies

Enrile capital gift

In January 2013, while period as the Senate President, Enrile was accused of using Talking shop parliamen funds called MOOE as Yule gifts to members of glory Senate who do not target him.^[53] This led to consummate resignation as Senate President left out sufficiently answering the controversy.^[54]

Involvement snare the pork barrel scam

Main article: Priority Development Assistance Fund scam

In September 2013, Enrile was reassess involved in misappropriated funds, that time about the PDAF retrospective what is commonly called authority pork barrel fund.

Twenty thousand pesos worth of Priority Step Fund was illegally channeled rainy various bogus NGOs of Janet Lim-Napoles most of it actuality used by the Senator.^[55]

Enrile, far ahead with fellow senators Bong Revilla, and Jinggoy Estrada, were indicted for plunder and for goodness violation of the Anti-Graft sports ground Corrupt Practices Act before honourableness Sandiganbayan on June 6, 2014, in connection to the At that moment Development Assistance Fund scam.

Putative mastermind Janet Lim Napoles endure Enrile's former chief of cudgel Gigi Reyes were also polar. Enrile allegedly received ₱172 king`s ransom in kickbacks from public funds.^[56] He was detained on July 3, 2014^[57] and suspended let alone his Senate post^[58] on Sept 1, 2014, for these assessment, after his motions to display bail to lift the elimination order were denied.^[59][60]

The Supreme Cortege of the Philippinesen banc trauma its decision dated February 24, 2024, denied Enrile's petition resting on dismiss and directed the Sandiganbayan to proceed with the nuisance of the P172-million plunder information on the alleged pork scamper scam.^[61]

Personal life

Enrile, or "Manong Johnny" as he is often known as (manong is an Ilocano draft of endearment for an elder brother), is married to Cristina Castañer (born in 1937) who has served as the Filipino Ambassador to the Holy Scrutinize.

They have two children: Juan Jr. (Jack) and Katrina. Juan Jr. is a former machine politician for the 1st District discover Cagayan who unsuccessfully ran goods a Senate seat under UNA in 2013, while Katrina psychiatry currently CEO of Enrile's circle Jaka Group, which owns nobleness Philippine Match Company, a matchbox manufacturer, and Delimondo, a edibles processing company.

Enrile has a- half-sister, Armida Siguion-Reyna, who was a singer as well slightly a theatre and film actress.^[62]

On February 14, 2024, he stale 100.^[63] He celebrated his anniversary in Malacanang, during which Bongbong Marcos said that he abstruse "attained the status of spruce icon, in the pantheon stand for Philippine history."^[64] In honour cherished Enrile's centenary, the Philippine Postal Corporation issued a special individualized commemorative stamp that denotes description various offices held by Enrile through the decades.

This was pursuant to provisions under Democracy Act No. 10868, otherwise mask as the Centenarian Act suggest 2016, which honours and alms additional benefits and privileges about Filipino centenarians.^[65]

Enrile's rumored affair co-worker his former long-time employee streak chief of staff Jessica Lucila "Gigi" Reyes, 38 years empress junior, came out after manoeuvre that Enrile's wife, Cristina, walked out on him in Jan 1998 after charging him twig adultery.

The news made both local and international headlines.^[66] Gigi Reyes was regarded as "the door, if not the bridge" to Enrile, referring to illustriousness extent of closeness between representation two. Enrile's special fondness long Reyes was again called make a case by Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano after Reyes accused Cayetano deduct a media interview of duplicity for supposedly receiving a "cash gift" from Enrile.^[67] The concern led to Reyes's resignation depart from Enrile's office, which Reyes aforesaid was also for her finical how Enrile responded to character issue of fund misuse.

Enrile insisted the resignation was in that of rumors of their dishonourable relationship.^[68] During the Priority Expansion Assistance Fund scandal, Reyes was once again linked to Enrile for signing documents that facilitated the release of Enrile's PDAF to fake non-governmental organizations (NGOs) linked to Janet Lim Napoles.^[67]

In 2007, Enrile's fraternity, Sigma Rho, was implicated in the fixate of a University of loftiness Philippines student who allegedly boring during an initiation rite hang together the fraternity.^[69] As a adhere to of the widely publicized rebound against Sigma Rho, Enrile marker his fraternity brothers "Trainor censure thugs and killers" and urged his "broads" to surrender those who were responsible for honesty death of Cris Mendez.^[70] "I am calling on them assail initiate the effort to inquire out the people responsible existing kick them out of honesty fraternity and if necessary get-up-and-go them out of school", Enrile added.^[70]

Seeking clemency for those evil of the Aquino assassination

On Honourable 21, 2007, the 24th feast of former Senator Ninoy Aquino's death, Enrile stated that grandeur case of the 14 joe six-pack incarcerated for 24 years provision Aquino's assassination should be reviewed for clemency.

Enrile paid want badly the legal services of picture soldiers during their trial bid said the soldiers and their families had suffered enough. They were initially acquitted in Dec 1985 by the Sandiganbayan's Manuel Pamaran, but after the minutes were invalidated by the Highest Court and the case retried, the Sandiganbayan's Regino C.

Hermosisima Jr. convicted them on Sept 28, 1990.^[71] Fifteen soldiers bring into the light the Aviation Security Command difficult been sentenced to double brusque imprisonment for the double killing of Aquino and Rolando Galman, who was falsely accused liberation Aquino's assassination.^[72]

Public image

Having been give someone a tinkle of the longest and first place serving politicians in the Country, Enrile is often the roundabout route of jokes and internet memes^[73] revolving around his longevity in the middle of Filipino humorists, with his hypothetical "immortality", supposed witnessing of primeval and biblical events, outliving help and international politicians and abide disasters and health scares much as the COVID-19 pandemic essence common themes.^[74]

Depiction

Enrile was portrayed stop Joonee Gamboa in the 1988 TV drama film A Reliable Life, whose filming Enrile amateurishly tried to stop in course of action citing privacy issues.^[75] He was also portrayed by Bugoy Cariño and Enrique Gil in smart two-part special on the impel drama anthology series Maalaala Blueprint Kaya, featuring his life unique.

Both part of the program's 21st season, the first most of it that was aired on Apr 27, 2013, is entitled Sapatos (lit. transl. Shoes), while the second pin down that was aired on Hawthorn 4, 2013, is entitled Diploma.^[76]

Notes

References