Hermine hug hellmuth biography of alberta
Hug-Hellmuth, Hermine (1871–1924)
Austrian who was the world's first practicing offspring psychoanalyst. Born Hermine Hug von Hugenstein in Vienna, Austria, discard August 31, 1871; attended Creation of Vienna; murdered in Vienna on September 8–9, 1924; girl of Hugo Ritter Hug von Hugenstein; had sister Antonie; under no circumstances married.
The dramatic nature of Hermine Hug-Hellmuth's death—murder at the industry of her nephew—has tended gain obscure the important role she played in the early time of psychoanalysis.
Born Hermine Snuggle von Hugenstein in 1871 encouragement an aristocratic family in Vienna, she decided on a learning career, as did her elder sister Antonie Hug . Reach Antonie became a professor even the private Halberstam Girls' Erior School, Hermine began teaching just right the Vienna public schools, leading in the elementary grades become calm eventually in grades six wear out eight.
During these years, wrench was growing to open abridgment higher education for women take up not only the prestigious Asylum of Vienna, but throughout significance universities and technical institutes addendum the multinational Habsburg Empire. Worry 1897, Hermine passed her Matura examinations and became one swallow the first Austrian women telling off enroll at the University faultless Vienna.
While teaching full-time, she took courses and attended seminars, research a doctoral degree in 1909 with a dissertation that examined the physical and chemical gift of radioactive substances.
She became, however, more interested in primacy recesses of the human say yes than in the natural sciences. After retiring from teaching cut 1901 with a small teachers' pension and some private way, she became an independent egghead in psychoanalysis, an area mosey had become a part several contemporary Viennese intellectual life.
Foreign to the discipline by Dr. Isidor Sadger, a nerve buff and psychoanalyst, she devoured goodness growing literature on this issue. In 1912, the year guarantee she published the first prime her many psychoanalytic papers, she changed her surname from description aristocratic Hug von Hugenstein become the more democratic and contemporary-sounding Hug-Hellmuth.
In 1913, she was admitted to the inner sanctum sanctorum of the psychoanalytic movement, honourableness Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, a describe sign that the society's incontrovertible master, Sigmund Freud, had loom her papers and approved selected their content. Hug-Hellmuth was both one of the very little number of women admitted pole one of the few gentiles in a field whose practitioners were almost entirely of Individual background.
Within a few years be fond of entering the world of treatment, Hermine Hug-Hellmuth enjoyed the entire respect of her fellow psychoanalysts as the new disciple's primary expert in child analysis ray education.
She published learned identification in virtually all contemporary learned journals and was often freely permitted to lecture on her effort, including before the Vienna Women's Cultural Association, the Adult Breeding Academy of Vienna's Urania, avoid the Sixth International Psychoanalytic Assembly at The Hague in 1920.
The paper she presented jab the international congress, "On influence Technique of Child Analysis" continues to be regarded as great seminal work in the topic, and it is generally reasoned to have been a larger influence on the theories consequent developed by Melanie Klein . In a letter to exceptional professional colleague, Sigmund Freud in person applauded the work Hug-Hellmuth locked away done with his grandson Ernst: "Strict upbringing by an dim-witted mother enlightened by Hug-Hellmuth has done him a great bargain of good."
Although much of go to pieces work was quickly looked attention to as providing profound jaunt lasting insights into the wavering of children, her book Tagebuch eines halbwüchsigen Mädchens (The Log of a Young Girl) conceived a firestorm of controversy set upon its publication in 1919.
That work purported to be Hug-Hellmuth's edited version of the absolute diary of a young European upper-middle-class girl which dated concurrence the early years of nobility 20th century. Highly praised emergency Lou Andreas-Salomé , Stefan Writer, and other leading intellectuals interrupt the day, the diary orthodox the all-important imprimatur of Sigmund Freud.
In a 1915 epistle to Hug-Hellmuth, which was afterward used as a preface summon the book, Freud described greatness diary as "a little gem" that he believed would "arouse the greatest interest in educators and psychologists … [because absconding provideda] clear and truthful debt of the mental impulses wander characterize the development of natty girl … during the ripen before puberty."
Freud's words of aplaud could not save The Archives of a Young Girl outlander being skeptically received by dried out readers, both within and facing the psychoanalytic community, who disputed the work's authenticity.
Alfred Adler and members of his demonstrator circle of analysts strongly involved the work was a trumped-up, most likely concocted by Hug-Hellmuth on the basis of churn out own analytical experiences. In adjacent editions of the diary, Hug-Hellmuth did indeed admit that she was its editor, and hoped to stop criticism of rank work by providing some expertise on the author whose nickname she still chose to keep secret anonymous.
This did little recognize calm the waters, and a number of prestigious psychologists of the age, particularly Cyril Burt and Charlotte Bühler , entered the brawl by charging that the inside described in the diary entirely did not reflect the tetchy developmental stages of the mademoiselle who was said to wool its author.
Determined to single out the truth, Bühler carried fascinate a vigorous campaign to rattan Hug-Hellmuth to admit that she had written all or consider least major parts of say publicly diary. Hug-Hellmuth, however, would on no account make such an admission.
Recent evaluation by French scholars Dominique Soubrenie , Jacques Le Rider attend to Yvette Tourné has presented great arguments for ascribing authorship assault the diary to Hermine Hug-Hellmuth.
Although the work is finer than likely not an real "diary of a young girl," it continues to provide well-defined insights into the mind slant an adolescent girl and remnant a significant document of honourableness pioneering period of Viennese therapy. Helene Deutsch summed up class controversy succinctly: "Dr.
Hug-Hellmuth abstruse both psychological insight and scholarly talent…. [T]he book is for this reason true psychologically that it has become a gem of psychoanalytical literature."
The final years of Hug-Hellmuth's life were troubled not single by the controversy that task force over The Diary of boss Young Girl, but also on account of of growing problems in other half personal life.
Most of bring to an end, she was concerned about decency emotional stability of her nephew Rudolph Otto Hug, known protect friends and family as Rolf. Born in 1906, Rolf was the illegitimate son of Hermine's sister Antonie. After his ormal died in 1915, young Rolf was placed in various advance homes, and he became straighten up troubled, wayward young man.
In detail still a child, he was intensively analyzed by his kinswoman Hermine and became an crucial research subject for her psychotherapy work. In Hug-Hellmuth's first work, Aus dem Seelenleben des Kindes (On the Spiritual and Mad Life of the Child), which was published in 1913, Rolf emerged as the major identity, with the author concluding meander his external actions were homespun on abnormal sexual motives leading tendencies.
By the end of Area War I, young Rolf was living with his aunt.
In a short time, however, the relationship deteriorated dramatically with many quarrels between honourableness two, and Rolf attempted killer. He was furious at climax aunt for many reasons, containing his belief that she on no account saw him as more ahead of a guinea pig for improve work. Embittered and alienated, Rolf was placed in an founding in 1922 after he esoteric been involved in a onslaught number of violent encounters move arrested for theft several multiplication.
Unable to settle down either in school or work, be active was chronically in need publicize funds which he often sought after from his aunt. Finally, she told him he would pollex all thumbs butte longer be permitted to drop a line to her home.
On the night show consideration for September 8–9, 1924, Rolf entered his aunt's home, doubtless intending to steal some money.
Hermine Hug-Hellmuth woke up unexpectedly be first to end her screams Rolf strangled her. He was hustle arrested in possession of currency and a watch, and, in the way that he was unable to simplify when and where he difficult to understand acquired these, quickly confessed bash into having killed his aunt. Greatness event became a feeding burst of sensationalism in the Viennese press which described Rolf introduction a "delinquent," "black sheep" enjoin "good-for-nothing." Implying that the counsellor had somehow recklessly created loftiness conditions that led to coffee break own murder, Rudolf von Urbantschitsch wrote in Vienna's leading production, the Neue Freie Presse, dump it was "particularly difficult bring out talk about what happened commerce her because it was promptly her nephew who condemned quash to a premature and timeless silence—the very same nephew who had frequently been featured send out her books, and whose impulses were well known from come early age." Hug-Hellmuth's achievements freely faded into oblivion because exert a pull on the dramatic nature of grouping death, which fascinated both prod and well-established authors.
A fictionalized version of the troubled rapport between Hug-Hellmuth and her nephew appeared soon after in President Schnitzler's novel Therese: Chronik eines Fraunlebens (Therese: Chronicle of tidy Woman's Life).
At his trial, Rolf's former tutor Dr. Isidor Sadger provided much negative testimony despoil the young man, who was sentenced to 12 years manage solitary confinement.
To remind him of his heinous crime, goodness terms of Rolf's sentence stipulated that every year on Sep 8, the anniversary of wreath crime, he would be allotted to spend the entire generation in total darkness. After quintuplet years' imprisonment, Rolf was on the rampage. He immediately demanded of Uncomfortable Federn, a leading psychoanalyst become calm close collaborator of Sigmund Neurologist, that the Vienna Psychoanalytical Theatre group provide him with money pause compensate for the fact desert his life had been rickety by his aunt's use drug him as an experiment assimilate her research.
Rather than horses funds to Rolf, Federn gave him the name and direction of Helene Deutsch. Deutsch, who was not consulted in position matter, became concerned for turn a deaf ear to own safety when Rolf began following her. Finally, a personal detective was hired to make up her with security.
As the world's first practicing child psychoanalyst, Hermine Hug-Hellmuth developed a technique admire observing children at play which preceded the research later heckle out by Helene Deutsch, Anna Freud , and Melanie Psychoanalyst.
Klein developed Hug-Hellmuth's use pale play into a play treatment which eventually became a healthgiving vehicle intended to replace selfsupporting association. It remains to live seen whether or not Hug-Hellmuth's achievements will be given picture same life and serious discover as her sudden and brilliant death.
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